An 8 page paper that reviews and critiques an article entitled, "The exposure of nonsmoking and smoking mothers to environmental tobacco smoke during different gestational phases and fetal growth." This was a large study involving more than 6,000 mother-infant pairs. The essay reports and comments on methodology, research questions, introduction, theoretical foundation, results, discussion and conclusion. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Name of Research Paper File: MM12_PGsmknf.rtf
Unformatted Sample Text from the Research Paper:
and March 1999 in the Czech Republic. The investigators first conducted a pilot study to iron out any wrinkles in the questionnaire or the design. Three categories were designed
for different smoking habits: nonsmokers, i.e., mothers who did not smoke, moderate smokers, i.e., those who smoked fewer than 10 cigarettes a day and heavy smokers, those who smoked more
than ten cigarettes per day. They also looked at those exposed to someone else smoking 5 cigarettes per day in their presence. This resulted in six exposure groups. Multiple regression
and logistic regression procedures with adjustment for many associated covariates were used to statistically analyze the data. Introduction The author provides definitions in the section believed to be
the abstract: AS means maternal active smoking, ETS means environmental tobacco smoke; LBW is low birth weight; BW is birth weight; IUGR refers to intrauterine growth retardation; CI means confidence
level; AOR is adjusted odds ratio. Definitions should be provided in a separate section or as part of the Introduction in a format, e.g., a list, for the readers convenience.
Most of the definitions were given in only the section that is believed to be the abstract; they should also have occurred, as already noted, in the Introduction. The introduction
of this article clearly tells the reader what the study is about by citing prior studies, i.e., "The exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), frequently referred to as passive smoking,
is causally associated with a variety of health outcomes in nonsmokers" (Dejmek, DATE, PAGE). The researcher then discusses the populations that have been shown to be most at risk, including
neonates, young children and "possibly the fetus" (Dejmek, DATE, PAGE). The discussion here is about environmental tobacco smoke or ETS, also referred to as "passive smoking" (Dejmek, DATE, PAGE). The