Research Paper on:
Comparing Management and Leadership

Unformatted Sample Text from the Research Paper:
a generation ago that Peter Drucker first began spreading the gospel according to innovation, defining what it is and why it would be important to the businesses of the future.  Drucker explained that innovation was open to "old" products as well as new, using McDonalds as his example of true innovation despite the old product on which it was  based. It was about the same time that Deming (1986) stepped up to lay out, point by point, common management practices that needed  to be eliminated for the organization to achieve its greatest potential. There is still confusion over management and leadership. Management In times  past, a manager was that one who issued the orders; some were more forceful than others. The view of the employee as someone who needs to be watched constantly  is an outdated one that precludes the need for leadership. Henry Ford did not lead - he combined managerial intimidation with technical innovation. That was sufficient a century  ago, but it will not bear scrutiny or the pressures of todays business environment. Management is the combination of four basic functions; some  extend the list to five. Those functions are planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. In the past, managers have taken the "controlling" aspect to mean that they are  to be autocratic and to make inane statements along the lines of, "We dont pay you to think." Todays managers know better ... or they become accomplished at job  hunting. Organizations finally have come to realize that their employees collectively comprise their greatest asset (Drucker, 1985), and the goal of most today is to maximize the value of