In five pages this paper discusses journalism autonomy in a case study that evaluates the media in Egypt. Three sources are cited in the bibliography.
Name of Research Paper File: CC6_KSEgyptJourn.rtf
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a century ago, the government of Egypt was concerned enough over its image both within the nation and in the eyes of the rest of the world that it engaged
the services of Hamilton Wright. Wright was a US journalist who began his career in public relations by urging settlement in California and then later promoting Florida (Cutlip, 1987).
Several developing nations - including Egypt - sought Wrights services in their efforts to modernize Western views of those nations. That attitude
has long passed, of course. The nations of the Middle East are known for governments tight control of those activities that we in the US refer to as freedom
of speech and press. Jordan has been an exception, and beginning with the leadership of Anwar Sadat, Egypt had been one of the more liberal of the Middle Eastern
nations. Not all of that has changed to date, but it is evident that Egypt currently is in a transition phase taking its media along a path moving from
more freedom of speech to greatly restricted freedom. Legal Changes The Egyptian government adopted Press Law 93 in 1995, giving its transition
to less freedom of the press a significant degree of muscle. The law effectively divides journalistic efforts into national and opposition camps. It does not outlaw the right
of the opposition side to operate, but the existence of the law and the governments freedoms to enforce it effectively intimidate the opposition journalists of Egypt.
Under this law, criticism of government officials or institutions is an offense that can gain the offending party a prison term of five years and an accompanying