Research Paper on:
Epidemiology Questions

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may also measure the incidence of the condition over a period of time, being either point prevalence or period prevalence. It is calculated by taking the total number of existing  cases and divided by the population at risk (Friis and Sellers, 1999). Incidence is the measure of new occurrences for that condition, the equation to this is the number of  new cases divided by the population at risk (Friis and Sellers, 1999). Therefore, if we are to told there are 4.5 cases of autism for every hundred thousand new births  this is the measure of new cases, and as such is the incidence. b. The statistics quoted demonstrating the increase in the total level of autism within the population as a  whole is the prevalence, as seen above the prevalence is a measurement of the incidence of the condition in the population as a whole ((Friis and Sellers, 1999). c. There are  a number of potential reasons for the changes in secular trends for autism, an increased awareness of the condition and better ability to diagnose autism can increase the level of  diagnosis it is taking place, there also may be a number of misdiagnoses, environmental factors may also have an impact increasing the likelihood of autism to occur and to be  noticed. d. To calculate the increase in autism between 1987 and 2002 we need to calculate look at the levels in 2002 and in 1987 to calculate the numerical increase. The  difference between 20,377 and 3,102 is 16,455. This needs to be calculated as a percentage of the starting point, this gives us an increased rate of 422.22%. This may sound  very high, but it is more likely to indicate and on the diagnosis of autism in 1987 and reflect a better ability to recognize undiagnosed condition. Interpreting this simply means