Research Paper on:
Overview of Monoclonal Antibody

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just one antigen ("Monoclonal," 2002). Such antibodies are generally created by fusing a short-lived, antibody-producing B cell for example to a fast-growing cell, like a cancer cell (2002). What  culminates is a hybrid cell, or hybridoma, which multiplies rapidly and creates a clone that has the ability to produce large amounts of that antibody (2002). The find was initiated  in the nineteenth century, but would only become significant during the 1970s. What happened initially was that Scientists figured out in the latter part of the nineteenth century that blood  serum that was taken from mice which were either immunized or exposed to human proteins, contained a mixture of mouse antibodies that could be utilized in order to fight certain  diseases ("Genetech," 2002). Yet, there would not be enough mouse antibodies to be valuable (2002). Fast forward to 1975 and G. Kohler and C. Milstein discover hybridoma technology, something  that allowed scientists to obtain larger quantities of a particular antibody (2002). This opened the door to a new era. Monoclonal antibodies created a great deal of excitement in  the medical community as well as in the financial world during the 1980s("Monoclonal," 2002). Why? Monoclonal antibody was thought to hold the key to the cure for cancer (2002). As  the twentieth century progressed, there seemed to be more and more cancer, and the cure for it is still illusive. Still, monoclonal antibodies show promise not only in terms of  curing cancer, but in other areas as well. The cells have also been utilized in laboratory research as well as in medical tests since the 1970s (2002). It seemed an  astounding discovery. However, as time went on, it seemed that the effectiveness of the antibody in disease treatment is limited (2002). By the time that the mid-1990s rolled around,