• Research Paper on:
    Role of Orality in Personality Development

    Number of Pages: 10

     

    Summary of the research paper:

    A 10 page reaction/research paper that focuses on a study conducted by Bornstein, Galley and Leone (1986), which offers insight into how orality can be related to adult perception of their parents. Based on insight drawn from this study, additional personality theories will be examined in terms of how they interrelate with the conclusions found in the Bornstein, Galley and Leone research. From this information, the discussion section will offer personal observations and conclusions that relate the material to the author's own life before concluding with a general synopsis. Bibliography lists 8 sources.

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    additional personality theories will be examined in terms of how they interrelate with the conclusions found in the Bornstein, Galley and Leone research. From this information, the discussion section will  offer personal observations and conclusions that relate the material to the authors own life before concluding with a general synopsis. Bornstein, Galley and Leone (1986). Bornstein, Galley and Leone  designed their study to explore the relationships between "orality and quality of parental representations in normal male college students" (Bornstein, Galley and Leone, 1986, p. 81). Orality, that is, an  "oral fixation," according to Freudian psychology, results from either over-gratification or frustration that occurs during the "infantile oral phase of development" (Bornstein, Galley and Leone, 1986, p. 80). When  this occurred, Freud posited that it ultimately led to the development of "an oral character type or oral personality" (Bornstein, Galley and Leone, 1986, p. 80). In this developmental pathway,  Freud indicated that the mother-infant relationship is largely responsible. Freud wrote that "...a child sucking at his mothers breast becomes the prototype of every relation of love" (Freud, as cited  by Bornstein, Galley and Leone, 1986, p. 80). In object relations theory, as well, the early mother-infant relationship is believed to result in "self-object representations" that are based primarily on  early childhood experiences and, again, prioritize the mother-infant relationship as pivotal to later development. In other words, both the Freudian model and the object relations theoretical model hold that the  way in which an infant begins to understand the world is highly significant to later development, as an infant does not differentiate between the self and objects, equating intense feelings  and longings with the infants environment. In the Bornstein, Galley and Leone study, 193 male undergraduates who were enrolled in an introductory psychology course were recruited as participants. Using 

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