A 9 page research paper that takes them form of a proposal for a research study to test which of 2 multi-modal regimens is more effective in treating postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The writer offers background on this problem, and outlines the proposed methodology and rationale for the study. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Name of Research Paper File: D0_khponv.rtf
Unformatted Sample Text from the Research Paper:
anesthetic agents other than desflurane (Akin, et al, 2006). In fact, anesthetic drugs and narcotics are known to directly stimulate the vomit reflex (Tavian, et al, 2006). PONV often
constitutes the main source of discomfort for the patient concerning the entirety of the procedure and is frequently mentioned as the most "unpleasant aspect" of recovery (Akin, et al, 2006,
p. 560). In addition to patient discomfort, PONV can increase the risk of postoperative bleeding and the increased abdominal pressure that is intrinsic to vomiting can create both "arterial
and venous hypertension" (Akin, et al, 2006, p. 560). Additionally, PONV may result in "dehydration, acid-case disturbances and electrolyte imbalance" (Lee and Lee, 2006, p. 213). As this illustrates, PONV
is persistent and consistent problem in postoperative nursing care despite improvements in anesthesia administration and medications (De Negri and Ivani, 2002). PONV can prolong the patients stay in the
recovery room, as well as the patients overall hospitalization and constitutes the most common reason for hospital readmission after same-day surgery (De Negri and Ivani, 2002). Due to the variety
of antiemetics, as well as the fact that many of these drugs encompass adverse effects and can be insufficient for completely controlling PONV, research on this area is ongoing. An
additional criteria for consideration is that the "ideal antiemetic drug" should be sufficiently cost-effective for routine use (De Negri and Ivani, 2002, p. 717). There is little empirical evidence that
supports the administration of prophylactic antiemetics in patients who are considered low-risk for PONV; however, for patients who are considered high risk, there is the possibility that that prophylactic administration
of antiemetics may benefit them (De Negri and Ivani, 2002). However, the topic can be confusing to hospital personnel because there are a wide variety of pharmacological approaches that have