An 11 page paper. Following a brief introduction, this essay provides a literature review of welfare-to-work programs along with research conclusions regarding the most effective types of programs. The next section is an outline of a needs assessment analysis along with the recommendations for a program. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
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initiative (Nam, 2005). The Federal government provided grants to states to implement the program and under the law, states could hold welfare-to-work programs and/or they could contract these out to
private organizations. Some private-sector companies began offering their own welfare-to-work programs, often in partnership with public programs (Ellis, 2005). For instance, Marriott Corporation, United Parcel Service (Ellis, 2005) and
Citigroup (2003) initiated their own training programs. While data regarding the number of private, not-for-profit organizations providing services is elusive, at best, we know there are many. For instance, the
Private Industry Council of San Francisco (2004) offers a comprehensive welfare-to-work program under contract with the San Francisco Department of Human Services. Rash, Inc. is a not-for-profit organization that has
been offering different types of services to help welfare recipients obtain jobs for several years. The company is now seeking to expand its services to be of greater assistance to
welfare recipients in their efforts to gain employment and become self-sufficient. Review of the Literature Different states have focused on different things in their welfare-to-work programs. For instance, Wisconsin implemented
a program they called Wisconsin Works that "was based on a ladder of activities to move parents toward full- time employment" (Tweedie, 2006, p. 39). Florida created Workforce Florida, Inc.,
which was a merger of two programs, the existing workforce program and the new welfare program (Tweedie, 2006). Illinois developed programs with an emphasis on "education and training" (Tweedie, 2006,
p. 39). States also used funds to expand childcare programs and other programs for children (Tweedie, 2006). With so many different types of programs, the question becomes, which are
most effective? Greenberg, Robins and Walker (2005) summarized three meta-analyses of training programs to determine which were more effective. One program was a voluntary one while the other two were